Cooking Facts

Common Cooking Abbreviations

T. tbsp. = tablespoon
t. tsp. = teaspoon
c. = cup
pk. = peck
pt. = pint
lb = pound
qt. = quart/quarter
min. = minute
F. = degrees Fahrenheit
C. = degrees Centigrade
oz. = ounce
fl. oz = fluid ounce
mod. = moderate
med. = medium
hr. = hour
sq. = square
pkg = package
lb = pound
g = gram
kg = kilogram
L. l = liter
Ml. ml = millilitre

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES FOR COOKING AND BAKING

dash, speck, pinch = less than 1/8 teaspoon
¼ teaspoon = 1ml
½ teaspoon = 2ml
1 teaspoon = 5ml
1 tablespoon = 15 ml
3 teaspoons tsp = 1 tablespoon
16 tablespoons tbsp = 1 cup
8 tablespoons tbsp = 1/2 cup
4 tablespoons tbsp = 1/4 cup
5 1/3 tablespoons tbsp = 1/3 cup
8 ounces oz = 1 cup (liquid)
2 tbsp = 1 fluid oz
1 jigger = 1 ½ fluid ounce
¼ cup = 50 ml
1/3 cup = 75 ml
½ cup = 125 ml
2/3 cup = 150 ml
¾ cup = 175 ml
1 cup = 250 ml
1 ounce = 30 grams
2 ounce = 55 grams
3 ounce = 85 grams
4 ounce = 115 grams
8 ounce = 225 grams
16 ounces oz = 1 pound or 455 grams or ½ kilogram
1 kilogram = 2 pounds
2 cups c = 1 pint or 16 fluid ounce
1 cup c = 1/2 pint
2 pints pt = 1 quart or 32 fluid ounce
4 cups c = 1 quart or 1 liter
4 quarts qt = 1 gallon
8 quarts qt = 1 peck (dry)
4 pecks pk = 1 bushel
1 pound lb butter = 2 cups of 4 sticks
1/2 pound butter = 1 cup or 2 sticks
1/4 pound butter = 1/2 cup or 1 stick
1 pound granulated sugar = 2 1/4 cups sugar
1 square chocolate = 1 ounce chocolate
1 square chocolate = 3 Tbs. cocoa + 1 T. fat
10 mini marshmallows = 1 standard size marshmallow
2 1/4 cups of mini marshmallows = 1/4 pound marshmallow

OVEN TEMPERATURES FOR PERFECT COOKING

Very Slow/low 250 to 275 / 120 c to 140 c
Slow/low 275 to 300 / 140 c to 150 c
Moderate 300 to 350 / 150 c to 180 c
Moderate high 350 to 375 / 180 c to 190 c
Hot 400 to 450 / 200 c to 230 c
Very Hot 450 to 500/ 230 c to 260 c